Hair waving apparatus



Oct. 11, 1932. s. w. MILLE-R v 1,882,334

HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 7. 1931 Patented Oct. 11, 1932 PATENT OFFICE. i*

GEORGE W. MILLER, F GLEN ELLYN, ILLINOIS HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Application filed August 7, 1931. Serial No. 555,721.

My invention relates to apparatus for waving hair by means of improved appliances and relates particularly to the so-called crouquinole type of permanent wave in which 5 a tuft of hair is wound in a relatively straight coil u on a rod startinor at a ofivenV b 7 b b hair waving apparatus which is simple inV construction and at the same time a great improvement over the apparatus in use at present.

The use of my apparatus permits the operator to be in full control ofl his means to produce a good wave through the eliminaftion of uncertain stretching of the hair in turning in the uneven ends, greatly reducing the time required for the operation andA eliminating unnecessary pulling of the scalp which is painful.

"0` Another object of my invention is to produce a device which produces waves very close to the scalp. In the devices now in use only a slight 4curved impression, which disr. appears in a few days, is produced near the scalp and the first wave is about two inches away from the scalp. As this distance represents a few months growth of thehair it will readily be seen that by the use of the device of my invention it will be unnecessary to repeat the operation at such frequent intervals as is necessary with the devices at present in use.

A further object of my invention is to prov vide means to prevent the injuring of the fine hair structure due to oversteaming by employing a so-called apron member formed of canvas or other suitable material which is adapted to be wound in with the hair as it is rolled upon the coil rod and which retains the moisture during the steaming process a greater lengthl of time than is at present attainable.

Another feature of my invention is 'the provision of a pair of iexible metal-members onthe usual pad for holding the padl in po-l sitionV on the coil of hair.

Other features and objects of my invention will appear from time to time as the descrip-` tion of my linvention progresses.

My invention will be better understood by reference tothe accompanying drawing in which like reference characters inthe different views indicate like parts and in which# Fig. lis a plan view of a clamping member forming part of my invention,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view along the linel 2 2 of Fig. l, j

Fig; 3 is a left end view of Fig. I,

Fig. 4 is a right end view of Fig. l,

Fig. 5 shows` the clamping member in its open position,

gig. 6 shows a coilv rod of my invention, an

Fig. 7 shows the pad with the flexible members thereon.

The present invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connectionv with theaccompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, with the understanding, however, that the invention is not confined to any strict conformity with the showing ofl the drawingv but may be changed or modifiedl so, long as such ychanges and modifications mark no material departure from the salient features of the invention asexpressed: in the appended claims. l

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1 which discloses the clamping member CM- which consists of an upper-jaw l and a lower jaw 2; an extension 3 is integrally formed with the lower jaw 2l and pivot pin 4 extends therethrough and through the upper jaw 1 which allows jaws l and 2V to be opened as shown in Fig. 5. A fastening member 5 is provided to hold* the jaws 1 and 2; in' their closed position and this fastening member 5 comprises an arm 6` which is pivotally se-'i cured to a plate 7 secured in any suitable manner to the upper jaw l. The arm 6y has an extension 8 and an offset portion 9 which has its end 10 bent bach upon itself to form a bearing for the extended portion of a wing nut 11 which has secured thereon a cam member 12 which engages a member 13 integrally formed with a portion of the lower jaw 2 and at right angles thereto. As the wing nut 11 is rotated the cam member 12 rotates and draws the jaws closer together as is well understood by one skilled in "the art.

The jaws 1 and 2 are comprised of layers 14 and 15 of felt or other suitable material,

wood members 16 and. 17, rubber strips'13 and 19 and metal strips 2O and 21 all of which are secured together in any suitable manner to form a unitary structure. lnte'grally formed with the member 20 and at right angles thereto isa U-shaped supporting member 23 which, with the portions 13 and 8, form supporting means for a coil rod CR (Fig. 6) as will be ,hereinafter Xplained..

A spring pawl member 22 having a hook formed in its upper end is secured to themember and is provided with aportion 56 for releasing it.

A stationary comb member 24 is secured on the upper jaw 1 by'meansof pins25 or in any other desirable manner and has its teeth 26 turned to the right and slightly raised above the upper face of the jaw 1 as shown in Fig. 2. A movable comb member 27 having its teeth pointing to the leftA is held in position on the lower jaw 2 by pins 28 which are located in oblique elongated slots 29 formed in the comb vmember 27. rlhis manner of supporting the comb member 27 permits the same to be slid upwardly and to the left, referring to Fig. 17 to permit the comb teeth 3() to slide under the raised teeth 26 of the stationary comb member 24. A hook 31 engages an upturned portion 32 and locks the movable comb member 27 in its operated position.

An apron 33 preferably formed of canvas or like material is coiled upon a spring conn trolled roller 34 which is detachably secured in a depressed portion of the upper aw 1 as shown in Fig. 2. The canvas apron 33 eX- tends through a slot 36 formed in the metal portion 20 of the upper jaw 1 and may be pulled to be unrolled from the roller 34. A heat insulating member may also be provided over the apron 33. As the roller 34 is under spring tension it tends to pull the apron 33 into the slot 36 and wind the same upon the roller 34 so to prevent the end of the canvas from entering the slot 3 a clip which is too large to pass through the slot 36 may be secured to the end of the canvas.

The Coil rod CR may be either hollow or solid and is provided with a pair of lnurled knobs 37 and 38, a pair of depressed portions l39 and 40, a ratchet portion 41 and a slot 57 whichr is adapted to receive the clip secured to the end of the apron 33 to hold the same in position. The central portion 42 of the rod CR is preferably of smaller diameter than the ends of the rod CR. A spring member 43 shaped to fit the contour of the rod CR is pivoted thereto in any suitable manner at 44 and lits over the slot 57.

Having described the apparatus of my invention I will next describe the manner in which the same is used in permanently waving hair. A small bunch of hair is selected and placed between the jaws 1 and 2 of the clamping member CM. The felt pads 14 and 15 located on the bottom of the jaws rest against the scalp. The fastening member 5, which is in an upright position as shown in Fig. 5 when the jaws are open, is placed in position as shown in Fig. 1 and the wing nut 11 is rotated 'which due to the action of the cam 12 draws the jaws closer together as bcfore eXplained to securely hold the hair. The hair passes between the teeth r26 of the stationary comb member 24 and the movable comb member 27 is moved to its operated position 4vand the hook 31 is engaged with the upright member 32 to hold the comb 27 in position. As the teeth of the movable comb 27 engage the hair held between the jaws 1 rand 2 they force the hair to the left a sufficient distance to causeV the formation of a wave which matches in position with and is similar in duration to the other waves formed. As the felt pads 14 and'l rest against the scalp it will be seen that this first wave will be formed the thickness of the clampingymember from the scalp depending upon the thickness of the jaws 1 and 2.

N xt the operator applies a chemical solution to the hair and places the hair atrthe point where it is desired to have the last wave in position on the coil rod GR. The canvas apron 33 is unrolled from the roller 34 until it reaches the length desired. The end of the apron 33 is also held on the coil rod GRv and the spring member 43 is clamped down on it. Then the operator rolls the rod CB toward the scalp at the same time stretching the hair and placing the shorter hairs on the rod CR and under the canvas apron 33 by means of a pin member (not shown) las is well understood in the art. The apron 33 exerts a binding influence upon the hair al ready placed upon the rod CR and prevents the same from loosening or sliding which is the greatest objection to the method now in use.

After the hair has been wound upon the rod CR the rod GR is placed upon the clamping member CM so that ythe depressed portion fits within the extensions of the supporting member 23 and the depressed portion 39 lits between the upright member on the jaw 1 and the portion 8 of the fastening member 5. When in this position the spring pawl member 22 engages the teeth of the ratchet 41 which prevents the rod OR from turning and releasing the hair. The operator next rotates the rod CR by grasping the knurled knobs 37 and 88. An added rotation of the rod CR may be obtained by inserting the end of the pin member above referred to into the end of the rod CR and turning the same. The end of the pin member is of a size and shape to lit within the sunken portion 6'0 shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6 and acts as a wrench in turning the coil rod CR. The spring pawl 22 engages t-he teeth of the ratchet 41 and prevents the release of the hair on the rod.

A specially prepared pad shown in Fig. 7 of the drawing is provided and consists of a sheet of tinfoil 53 and a sheet of paper 52 which are provided with a plurality of holes 54, a sheet of oiled iannel l which is of double thickness for a portion of its length and a. sheet of parchment or vegetable paper 50. These sheets are secured together at one end in any suitable manner and comprise the pad customarily used in the art at this time. The iiannel sheet 5l of my pad is of double thickness for a portion of its length to protect the canvas apron 33 from t-he heater element during the steaming process.

I also provide a pair of flexible metal strips 55 which are secured to the pad in any desired manner. These strips are flexible enough to be bent easily and rigid enough to remain in any position in which they are placed. This specially prepared pad is placed over the coil of hair and the strips y55 are bent by the fingers of the operator in such a manner that they clamp the pad in position on the hair. This eliminates the necessity of the operator holding the pad in position while the heater is being placed in position over the pad.

Before the specially prepared pad is placed over the coil of hair it is saturated with a chemical solution after which a heater which may be of any improved type is placed over f' the pad. As the heat becomes more intense steam is formed which reacts upon'the structure of the hair to cause the formation of a wave. In the method at present in use it is necessary that the heat be stopped at exactly the right moment as to turn it off too soon will prevent the completion of the wave and to leave it on a fraction of a minute more will cause the hair to be injured. Tith my invention it is not necessary to b-e so careful with the application of the heat as the canvas apron retains the moisture a longer time and prevents the hair from being injured if the heat is on a reasonable length of time longer than is necessary to complete the waving process.

While I have described my invent-ion in certain particular embodiments, I desire that it be understood that modifications and alterations may be made and that I intend no limitations upon my invention other than those imposed by the-scope'of the appended claims.l n v `:Hiaving described my invention, what I claim asnew and ydesire to secureby United States Letters Patent is:

l., A hair waving apparatus of the character' described, including a clamp comprising a pair of jaw members pivoted at oneend, means for fasteninglthe other ends`r of said' members together, a comb secured to one of said jaws and a movable comb located on the other of said jaws.

2. A hair waving apparatus of the character described'including a clamp comprising a pair of jaw members pivoted at one end, means forfastening the other ends of said jaws together, a comb secured to one of said jaws, a movable comb secured to the other of said jaws and means for maintaining said comb in its operated position.`

v 3. A hair waving apparatus of the character described' including a clamp comprising a pair of members pivoted at one end means for fastening the other ends of said jaws together, la spring controlled roller secured to one of saidv jaws and an apron memher held on said roller. Y

' 4. A hair waving 'apparatus including a clamping member comprising a pair of jaws pivoted together at one end, means for fastening the other ends of said jaws together, aroller carried' by one of said aws, an apron carried' by said roller and a pairl of combs carried by said jaws.

5. A hair waving apparatus including -a clamping member comprising a pair of jaws pivoted together at one end, means for fastening said jaws together at their other ends, a roller carried by one of said jaws, an apron carried by said roller, a comb carried one of said jaws and movable comb carried byv said other jaw.

6.,A hair waving apparatus including a clamping member having a pair of jaws, a roller carried by one of said jaws, an apron carried by said roller, a comb secured to said one of said jaws and a movable comb secured to the other of said jaws.

7. A hair waving apparatus including a clamping member having a pair of jaws pivoted at one end, means for fastening said jaws together at their other ends, a roller carried by one of said aws, and an apron carried by said roller.

8. A hair waving apparatus of the character described including a clamping member comprising a pair of jaws, extending supporting members secured on said aws, a coil rod having a pair of depressed portions adapted' to fit in said supporting members, and a pair of comb members secured on said jaws.

9. A hair waving Vapparatus of the character described including a clamping member comprising al pair of jaws, extending supporting members securedY on said jaws, a coil rod having a pair of depressed portions adapted to fit in said supporting members, a comb secured to one of said jaws and a movable comb secured to the other of said jaws. Y

10. A hair waving apparatus of the character described including a clamping member comprising a pair of jaws, a roller carried by one of said jaws and a canvas apron carried by said roller.

11. A hair waving apparatus of the character described including a clamp comprising-a pair of jaw members, a spring controlled roller member detachably secured to one of said jaws and an apron member supported by said roller.

12. A hair waving apparatus of the character described including a clamp comprising a pair of jaws, extending supporting members secured on said jaws, a coil rod having a pair of depressed portions adapted to t in said supporting members, an apron supported on one of said jaws, a clip member on said apron, a slot in said coil rod adapted to receive said clip.

13. The combination with a hair waving apparatus of the character describedl of a pad'liaving a flexible clamping member secured thereto. j

14. A hair waving apparatus including a clamping member, a rod for receiving a coil ofliair, a pad adapted to it over said coil of hair and flexible clamping means for maintaining said pad over said hair.

15. VA hair waving apparatus of the character described including a clamping member comprising a pair of jaws, a roller carried by one of said jaws and an apron carried' by said roller.

ienedby me at Glen Ellyn, in the county of Du 1Rage and State of Illinois, this 31 day of July, 1931.

GEORGE W. MILLER. 

